Hoʻokaʻawale a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka pahu kūikawā

ʻO ka synthetic rubber kekahi o nā mea synthetic nui ʻekolu a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻoihana, ka pale aupuni, ka halihali a me ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā.ʻO ka hana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana synthetic rubber kahi mea kumu kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e pono ai no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke au hou, a he kumu waiwai nui hoʻi ia no ka ʻāina.

ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe synthetic kūikawā e pili ana i nā mea lāʻau ʻokoʻa mai nā mea lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau a loaʻa nā waiwai kūikawā e like me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ke kūpaʻa ʻelemakule, ka pale ʻana ablation, a me ke kūpaʻa kemika, ka nui o ka hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR), thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) , Silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, fluorosilicone rubber, acrylate rubber, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. ʻike uila, ikehu, kaiapuni, a me ka moana.

1. ʻAha nitrile hydrogenated (HNBR)

ʻO ka pulupulu nitrile i hoʻohāhā ʻia he mea hoʻopiha piha loa ia i loaʻa ma ke koho ʻana i nā ʻāpana butadiene ma ke kaulahao nitrile no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūpaʻa wela a me ke kūpaʻa kahiko o ka nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)., ʻO kāna hiʻohiʻona nui ka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi ma 150 ℃, a hiki ke mālama i nā waiwai kino a me nā mechanical kiʻekiʻe i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻokō pono i nā koi kūikawā o ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa kemika o nā mea i loko o ke kaʻa. , Aerospace, māla aila a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.ʻO nā koi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana, e like me nā sila aila kaʻa, nā ʻāpana ʻōnaehana wahie, nā kāʻei hoʻoili kaʻa, nā pahu pahu pahu a me nā pistons no ka lepo, paʻi a me nā wili lole lole lole, nā sila aerospace, nā mea haʻalulu haʻalulu, etc.

2. Thermoplastic Vulcanizate (TPV)

ʻO nā vulcanizates Thermoplastic, i hoʻopau ʻia ʻo TPVs, he papa kūikawā o nā elastomers thermoplastic i hana ʻia e ka "vulcanization dynamic" o nā hui like ʻole o nā thermoplastics a me nā elastomers, ʻo ia hoʻi ke koho ʻana i ka māhele elastomer i ka wā o ka hui ʻana me ka thermoplastic Sexual cross-linking.ʻO ka vulcanization like ʻana o ka māhele lāʻau i mua o kahi mea hoʻohui crosslinking (peroxides paha, diamines, sulfur accelerators, etc.) i ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana me ka thermoplastics ka hopena i kahi vulcanizate mau loa ka thermoplastic matrix i haku ʻia me ka dispersed crosslinked rubber ʻO nā mea i loko o ka pae, dynamic dynamic. ʻO ka vulcanization ke alakaʻi nei i ka piʻi ʻana o ka viscosity rubber, e hāpai ana i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka pae a hāʻawi i kahi morphology multiphase i TPV.Loaʻa i ka TPV ka hana e like me ka thermosetting rubber a me ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻana o nā thermoplastics, ka mea i hōʻike nui ʻia i ka ratio kiʻekiʻe / kumu kūʻai, hoʻolālā maʻalahi, paona māmā, ākea ākea ākea, hana maʻalahi, ka maikaʻi o ka huahana a me ke kūpaʻa dimensional A recyclable, ākea. hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻāpana kaʻa, ka hana mana, nā sila a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.

3. ʻO ka lāʻau silikoni

ʻO ka Silicone rubber kahi ʻano kūikawā o ka synthetic rubber i hana ʻia me ka linear polysiloxane i hui pū ʻia me nā mea hoʻopihapiha hoʻopihapiha, nā mea hoʻopihapiha hana a me nā mea hoʻohui, a lilo i ka elastomer e like me ka pūnaewele ma hope o ka vulcanization ma lalo o ka hoʻomehana a me nā kūlana paʻakikī.Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka pale ʻana i ka ea, ka pale ʻana o ka ozone, ka pale arc, ka insulation uila, ka pale ʻana i ka wai, ka permeability kiʻekiʻe a me ka inertia physiological.Loaʻa iā ia kahi ākea o nā noi i ka ʻoihana hou, uila a me ka uila, automotive, kūkulu, lāʻau lapaʻau, mālama pilikino a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, a ua lilo i mea waiwai nui i ka hana kiʻekiʻe i ka aerospace, pale a me ka ʻoihana koa, ka hana akamai a me nā kula ʻē aʻe. .

4. ʻO ka lāʻau fluorine

ʻO ka lāʻau fluorine e pili ana i kahi mea hao fluorine i loaʻa nā ʻātoma fluorine ma nā ʻātoma kalapona o ke kaulahao nui a i ʻole nā ​​kaulahao ʻaoʻao.Hoʻoholo ʻia kona mau waiwai kūikawā e nā hiʻohiʻona o ka fluorine atoms.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau fluorine ma 250 ° C no ka manawa lōʻihi, a hiki ke kiʻekiʻe ka wela o ka lawelawe ʻana i 300 ° C, ʻoiai ʻo ka palena o ka lawelawe lawelawe o ka EPDM kuʻuna a me ka butyl rubber he 150 ° C wale nō.Ma waho aʻe o ka pale wela kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa i ka fluororubber ke kūpaʻa aila maikaʻi loa, ke kūpaʻa kemika, ka waikawa a me ke kūpaʻa alkali, a ʻo kāna hana holoʻokoʻa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma waena o nā mea elastomer rubber.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka pale ʻana i ka aila o nā rockets, missiles, mokulele, moku, kaʻa a me nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe.ʻO nā māla kūikawā e like me ka sila a me ka ʻaila-resistant pipelines he mau mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni a me ka pale aupuni a me nā ʻoihana koa.

5. 'Acrylate rubber (ACM)

ʻO ka lāʻau Acrylate (ACM) he elastomer i loaʻa ma ka copolymerization o ka acrylate ma ke ʻano he monomer nui.ʻO kāna kaulahao nui he kaulahao kalapona saturated, a ʻo nā hui ʻaoʻao he pūʻulu ester polar.Ma muli o kona hoʻolālā kūikawā, he nui nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa, e like me ke kūpaʻa wela, ka pale ʻana i ka wā kahiko, ka ʻaila kūʻē, ka pale ʻana o ka ozone, ka pale ʻana o UV, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna mau mea mechanical a me nā ʻano hana hana ma mua o ka fluororubber a me ka silicone rubber, a me kona pale wela. , maikaʻi loa ka pale ʻana i ka wā kahiko a me ka ʻaila.i ka nitrile rubber.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo ACM i nā ʻano wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻaila-pale, a ua lilo ia i mea hoʻopaʻa i hoʻomohala ʻia a hoʻolaha ʻia e ka ʻoihana kaʻa i nā makahiki i hala.