Ka hana ʻana i nā huahana lāʻau

图片1

 

1. Ke kahe kaʻina hana kumu

Me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana hou, ʻoi aku ka ʻoihana kemika, aia nā ʻano ʻano o nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau, akā like nā kaʻina hana.ʻO ke kaʻina hana o nā huahana i hana ʻia mai ka lāʻau paʻa paʻa (raw rubber) ka mea nui:

Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea maka → plasticization → hui ʻana → hana → vulcanization → ʻokiʻoki → nānā

2. Hoʻomākaukau i nā mea maka

ʻO nā mea nui o nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka ʻōpala maka, nā mea hoʻohuihui, nā mea fiber, a me nā mea metala.Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka ʻōpala maka ka mea kumu;ʻO kahi mea hoʻohuihui he mea kōkua i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i kekahi mau waiwai o nā huahana lāʻau;Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea fiber (ka pulupulu, ke olonā, ka huluhulu, nā ʻano mea like ʻole, nā fibers synthetic) a me nā mea metala (wela hao, uea keleawe) i mea skeleton no nā huahana lāʻau e hoʻoikaika ai i ka ikaika mechanical a kaupalena i ka deformation huahana.

I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau maka, pono e kaupaona pono ʻia nā mea e like me ke ʻano.I mea e hui like ai ka ʻōpala maka a me ka mea hui pū kekahi me kekahi, pono e hana ʻia kekahi mau mea:

1. Ke kahe kaʻina hana kumu

Me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana hou, ʻoi aku ka ʻoihana kemika, aia nā ʻano ʻano o nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau, akā like nā kaʻina hana.ʻO ke kaʻina hana o nā huahana i hana ʻia mai ka lāʻau paʻa paʻa (raw rubber) ka mea nui:

Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea waiwai → plasticization → hui ʻana → hana → vulcanization → hoʻomaha → nānā

2. Hoʻomākaukau i nā mea maka

ʻO nā mea nui o nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka ʻōpala maka, nā mea hoʻohuihui, nā mea fiber, a me nā mea metala.Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka ʻōpala maka ka mea kumu;ʻO kahi mea hoʻohuihui he mea kōkua i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i kekahi mau waiwai o nā huahana lāʻau;Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea fiber (ka pulupulu, ke olonā, ka huluhulu, nā ʻano mea like ʻole, nā fibers synthetic) a me nā mea metala (wela hao, uea keleawe) i mea skeleton no nā huahana lāʻau e hoʻoikaika ai i ka ikaika mechanical a kaupalena i ka deformation huahana.

图片2

I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau maka, pono e kaupaona pono ʻia nā mea e like me ke ʻano.I mea e hui like ai ka ʻōpala maka a me ka mea hui pū kekahi me kekahi, pono e hana ʻia kekahi mau mea:

Pono e hoʻopalupalu ʻia ka lāʻau maka i loko o kahi lumi hoʻomaloʻo 60-70 ℃ ma mua o ka ʻoki ʻia a ʻoki ʻia i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi;

Pono e ʻoki ʻia nā poloka e like me ka paraffin, stearic acid, rosin, etc.

Inā loaʻa i loko o ka hui pauka nā mea haumia mechanical a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana koʻikoʻi, pono ke nānā ʻia a wehe ʻia;

ʻO nā mea hoʻohui wai (pine tar, coumarone) pono e hoʻomehana, hoʻoheheʻe, evaporating wai, a me ka kānana ʻana i nā mea haumia;

Pono e hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ka mea hoʻohuihui, inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopuehu like ʻia i ka wā o ka hui ʻana, e loaʻa ana i nā ʻōpū i ka wā vulcanization a pili i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana;

3. Hoomaemae

He elastic ka ʻōpala maka a nele i nā waiwai kūpono (plasticity) no ka hana ʻana, e paʻakikī ai ke hana.I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kona plasticity, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻōpala maka;Ma kēia ʻano, ua maʻalahi ka hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻana o ka mea hoʻohuihui i loko o ka ʻōpala maka i ka wā o ka hui ʻana;I ka manawa like, i ka wā o ka ʻōwili ʻana a me ka hana ʻana, kōkua pū ia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka permeability o ka mea hao (ke komo i loko o ka lole fiber) a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka wai.ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā molekole kaulahao lōʻihi o ka ʻōpala maka e hana i ka plasticization i kapa ʻia ʻo plasticization.ʻElua mau ala no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻōpala maka: ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mechanical a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wela.ʻO ka plasticizing mīkini ke kaʻina hana e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o nā molekala hao kaulahao lōʻihi a hoʻololi iā lākou mai kahi kūlana elastic nui i kahi kūlana plastik ma o ka extrusion mechanical a me ka friction o ka mīkini plasticizing i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe Thermoplastic ke kaʻina o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ea i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpala maka, ka mea, ma lalo o ka hana o ka wela a me ka oxygen, hoʻohaʻahaʻa a pōkole i nā molekala kaulahao lōʻihi, a laila e loaʻa ai ka plasticity.

4. Huihui

I mea e hoʻololi ai i nā kūlana hoʻohana like ʻole, e hoʻokō i nā hana ʻokoʻa, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o nā huahana rubber a hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai, pono e hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole i ka ʻōpala maka.ʻO ka hui ʻana he hana ia o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka palaki maka i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka mea hoʻohuihui a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi hui hui.Ma o ka hui ʻana me ka mīkini, ua hoʻopuehu piha ʻia ka mea hoʻohuihui i ka ʻōpala maka.ʻO ka hui ʻana he hana koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana lāʻau.Inā ʻaʻole like ka hui ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana piha ʻia ka hana o ka rubber a me nā mea hoʻohui, e pili ana i ka hana o ka huahana.ʻO ka mea hao i loaʻa ma hope o ka hui ʻana, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka huila hui ʻia, he mea semi-hoʻopau ʻia i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole, i ʻike mau ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻōpala.Kūʻai maʻamau ia ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai aku, a hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke hoʻoponopono pololei a hoʻomāliʻi i nā mea lāʻau no ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā huahana lāʻau i makemake ʻia.Wahi a nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike like ʻole, loaʻa i ka huila hui ke ʻano o nā māka like ʻole a me nā ʻano like ʻole me nā waiwai like ʻole, e hāʻawi ana i nā koho.

图片3

5. Hookumu ana

I ke kaʻina hana o nā huahana rubber, ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini ʻōwili a extrusion paha e hana mua i nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā nui i kapa ʻia ʻo molding.ʻO nā ʻano hana i loaʻa:

He kūpono ka rolling forming no ka hana ʻana i ka pepa maʻalahi a me nā huahana like ʻole.He ʻano hana ia e kaomi ai i ka ʻōpala huikau i kekahi ʻano a me ka nui o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma o ka mīkini ʻōwili, i kapa ʻia ʻo rolling forming.Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau mea hoʻopalapala (e like me nā kaila, nā lipine, nā hoses, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i nā mea lole lole e pono ke uhi ʻia me kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o ka mea hoʻopili (i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka hoʻopili ʻana a i ʻole ka holoi ʻana i nā fibers), a hoʻopau ʻia ke kaʻina hana hoʻopili ma kahi. mīkini ʻōwili.Pono e hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā mea fiber ma mua o ka ʻōwili ʻana.ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana ʻo ia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka makū o ka mea fiber (e pale i ka evaporation a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana) a hoʻomaikaʻi.


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-09-2024